Let’s be careful to include the final slash in /mnt/sourcePart/. # rsync -axHAWXS -numeric-ids -info=progress2 /mnt/sourcePart/ /mnt/destPart If the machines use static IPs instead of DHCP, let’s remember to change the network card configuration of the cloned machine. Since file-level cloning doesn’t clone the MBR, so we also need to reinstall Grub. For instance, cloning from ext4 to fat32 causes the loss of many features.Īfter the cloning, we have to modify /etc/fstab according to the new partitioning. The destination file system has to support all the functionalities of the source file system otherwise, we can get unexpected side effects. Cloning the swap partition or the swap file is always superfluous.įile-level cloning can convert between file systems – for instance, an ext3 file system to an ext4. We must preserve permissions, keep file types, and avoid copying virtual pseudo file systems ( /dev, /proc, and /sys). In many cases, /boot is on a small partition, so after cloning the root directory, we’ll have to run rsync a second time to clone /boot. If the source file system hierarchy includes mount points on different partitions, we should clone them separately. This fact implies that if the destination disk is empty, we must create the GPT partition table and partition it. We must use that live Linux system to mount both the source and destination partitions. Since cloning a running system can cause unpredictable failures and side effects, a live Linux system not installed on the source or destination drives is necessary to execute the cloning safely. Migrating an Operating System From One File System to Another Using rsyncīefore we look in detail at the rsync options to use, there are some guidelines we should keep in mind. On the other hand, if we need to manipulate partitions from the command line, we can consult our “ Partitioning Disks in Linux” guide. The easiest way to manage partitions with Linux is GParted, a graphical partition editor usually included on many live CDs/DVDs. However, GPT lets us create hundreds of partitions per drive and supports drives larger than one billion terabytes. It also doesn’t support drives larger than two terabytes. For example, the MBR standard only allows for four primary partitions per drive. We need to note that GPT is a newer partitioning standard than MBR and doesn’t have many limitations. We can see the list of all UUIDs with blkid. The standard partition table is GPT (GUID Partition Table).Įach partition has a UUID (Universally Unique Identifier), helpful in identifying them in /etc/fstab when other factors used to locate them might change. The disk stores the information about the partitions’ locations and sizes in an area known as the partition table. ![]() ![]() You could no doubt also run a similar command to unmount it when finished backup using the "execute this command after rsync".Disk partitioning is the creation of one or more parts on a disk so that we can manage each of them separately. I added the command to mount the NAS drive (step 2) in the grsync optional command "Execute this command before rsync" so it mounts the NAS share before backing up. I enter my source: /media/D_750gb/ (which is my local NTFS D drive pre-mounted) and destination: /media/NASBackups/Dell/D/. I use the graphical backup utility "grsync" which is a lot friendlier than having to learn all the rsync switches. ![]() ![]()
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